Conditions for Equilibrium Experiment

Conditions for Equilibrium ExperimentLaboratory ReportTricia Desierto, Luis Diaz, Karhen Estella, Gabrielle Beatrix FranciscoDepartment of biologic ScienceCollege of Science, University of Santo TomasEspana, Manila, PhilippinesAbstractThe determination is said to be in a state of vestibular sense, when the forces performing upon an object are balanced. There were four activities done in the investigate. In the low gear activity the equilibrant force was determined. The second activity, unknown forces was determined. For the third activity,center of somberness was posed. The last activity, rotational equilibrium was demonstrated.I. IntroductionEquilibrium is moving with aeonian velocity. It is a chequer that the rotationalmotion of the body may also remain constant. A body is in equilibrium or at eternal rest only when there is no movement or rotation done. When the resultant force acting on the object is zero the object is in equilibrium. The objectives of the experiment a re to determine the equilibrant force by apply the component and control board mannerto determine the unknown forces using the first and second conditions for equilibrium to locate the center of gravity of a composite bodyand to demonstrate the rotational equilibrium.II. TheoryA situation wherein the net force acting on a certain object is zero1 and an object that has no motion or undergoes no rotational and traditional accelerationis said to be in a state of equilibrium wherein net torque and net force on the object is zero in all directions. For an object to be in equilibrium, two conditions should be met.The first condition tells us that the net force acting on the object needs to be zero which only means that for a certain axis of rotation of motion, the forces acting along that particular axis should sum up to zero.2The second condition needed to attain equilibrium, on the other hand, involves avoiding or neglecting accelerated rotation and it should maintain a constantangul ar velocity. A rotating body thunder mug attain equilibrium if the rate of its rotation remains unchanged by the forces acting on that certain object.3The center of gravity is a geometric property of any object. It is the average location of the leanof an object. Themotionof any object can be described through space in terms of the translation of the center of gravity of the object from one place to a nonher and the rotation of the object about its center of gravity when it is free to rotate.4Figure 1. Determination of the Center of soberness using plumb line techniqueX= Center of Gravity m=Mass x= distance from a fixed pointEquation 1.Center of Gravity FormulaWhen an object is said to be in equilibrium, it is not moving or rotating. The pivotal axis can be any point outside or inside the object. The objects linear and angular accelerations are some(prenominal) zero and the sum of the torquesacting on a system should be equal to zero.The sum of the counter-clockwise torques shou ld be equal to the sum of the clockwise torques.5III. MethodologyActivity 1 Equilibrant ForceThree pans labelled as A, B and C was weighed. Pans A and B were hanged respectively at the 300 and 2000 marks on the force table. 100g was place on pan A and 150g on pan B. The tension acting on the string, the weight of the pan plus the weight added to the pan was recorded as TA andTB respectively. The two tensions in the strings were balanced by placing weight on pan C or adjusting its position. The tensions are balanced if the pin is hardly at the center of the ring. The magnitude of the equilibrant, the weight of pan C plus the weight added to it, and its position was recorded. The theoretical equilibrant of the two tensions was determined by component method and the % error was computed.Activity 2 First Condition for EquilibriumA cylinder of unknown weight was suspended using the force board by means of two strings. A spring scale was attached to one of the strings and was pulled hor izontally until the pin on the force board was exactly at the middle of the ring. The reading on the spring scale was recorded as T1. The angle that the other string made was recorded as . A free body diagram of the ring was drawn. The tension of T2 in the other string and the weight of the cylinder were solved. The cylinder was weighed for the accepted value and the % error was computed.Activity 3 Locating the Center of GravityA circle with a diameter of 10cm and a square with a side of 10cm were cut out from a shake board. The weights of WC and WS were determined. The center of gravity of the composite figure was determined by balancing method and plumb line method. The position of the center of gravity was specified using the leftmost side of the square as the y-axis and the bottom square as the x-axis. The results were checked by actual computation for the center of gravity.Activity 4 min Condition for EquilibriumThe center of gravity of an aluminium bar was located by balanci ng it on a pencil and the position for the center of gravity was marked. The cylinder used in the previous activity was hanged 5.0cm from one end of the bar. Using the force board, the aluminium bar was supported by means of a spring scale on one end and a string on the other end until the bar assumed a horizontal position. A free body diagram of the bar was drawn. The second condition for equilibrium was used to determine the weight of the bar and the tension in the string. The theoretical weight of the cylinder was used in the computation. The bar was weighed for the accepted value and the % error was computedIV. Results and DiscussionV. ConclusionThe equilibriant force was successfully determined using the component and table method, with an acceptable value for the % error 8.70% and 4.47%.The unknown forces were also determined using the first condition of equilibrium with a % error of only 4.57%The center of gravity was defined more accurately with the Plumb Line Method as opp osed to the Balancing Method.The unknown forces were unsuccessfully defined using the second condition of equilibrium, as the % error exceeds the acceptable range at 51.76%.VI. ApplicationsVII. ReferencesLesson24Equilibrium. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from study natural philosophy http//www.studyphysics.ca/newnotes/20/unit01_kinematicsdynamics/chp06_vectors/lesson24.htmFirst Condition. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from boundless https//www.boundless.com/physics/static-equilibrium-elasticity-and-torque/conditions-for-equilibrium/first-condition/Second Condition. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from Boundless https//www.boundless.com/physics/static-equilibrium-elasticity-and-torque/conditions-for-equilibrium/second-condition/Rotational Equilibrium. (n.d.). Retrieved December 8, 2013, from faculty http//faculty.wwu.edu/vawter/PhysicsNet/Topics/RotationalDynamics/RotEquilibrium.htmlBenson, T. (2008, July 18). Center of gravity. Retrieved December 8, 2013, from grc ht tp//www.grc.nasa.gov/WWW/k-12/airplane/cg.html